Flash synchronisation      
  The flash has to be synchronised with the shutter speed used. That is the flash has to trigger/fire at the very momment when the film/sensor is absolutely uncovered by the shutter.The minimum hand held shutter speed for any camera worldwide is 1/60th of a sec. Some modern cameras offer synchronisation shutter speeds upto 1/250th sec but do check out the camera manual before setting it to a higher shutter speed than the conventional 1/60th sec. If you are unsure, it is safe to be at 1/60th sec. Shutter speeds lower than 1/60th sec can ofcourse be used where ever apllicable. This is known as slow synchronisation with two possibilities-front and rear curtain synchronisations. In the front curtain, the flash fires synchronised with the first curtain and the shutter reamains open for the reamining pweriod of time exposing the film/sensor with the avaialble light. on the other hand in the rear curtain synchronisation as the name suggests, the flash fires at the last part of the exposure synchronised with the rear curtain which is finishing the exposure by covering back the sensor/film.      
         
    Flash synchronisation at 1/60th sec

Shooting Mode Manual Exposure
Tv( Shutter Speed ) 1/60
Av( Aperture Value ) 9.0
Metering Mode Evaluative Metering
ISO Speed 200
Lens EF24-105mm f/4L IS USM
Focal Length 32.0 mm
Image Quality RAW
Flash On
Flash Exposure Compensation 0
White Balance Mode Auto
 

 
  Slow synchronisation should be used carefully. If the subject is moving, the blur will be registered as well.      
    Shooting Mode Shutter-Priority AE
Tv( Shutter Speed ) 2
Av( Aperture Value ) 4.0
Metering Mode Evaluative Metering
Exposure Compensation 0
ISO Speed 200
Lens EF24-105mm f/4L IS USM
Focal Length 28.0 mm
Flash On
Flash Exposure Compensation 0
White Balance Mode Auto
 
 
         
 
  Slow sync is a good option to show the self illuminated background which is beyond the range of the flash. Either there should be no ambient light on the main subject or it should be advised not to move. The newyork skyline is very far off away from the influence of the flash, the model has been advised not to move and the camera with flash is on the tripod.  
         
         
           

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